The best Side of CLBO Crystal
The best Side of CLBO Crystal
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All-sound-condition ultraviolet lasers are already extensively Utilized in the fields of mechanical flaw detection, lithography, micromachining and drugs for some great benefits of compact quantity, extended everyday living, high performance, very good beam good quality, wide tuning and slender spectral line, and so forth. Making use of large electric power in close proximity to-infrared coherent mild resource as the elemental frequency supply depending on nonlinear tuning technological innovation, producing ultraviolet coherent radiation by multistage frequency conversion is considered to be an essential way to establish the ultraviolet coherent light supply.
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The main element challenge of ultraviolet coherent light-weight supply largely focuses on the development of nonlinear optical frequency conversion crystal in ultraviolet band. The nonlinear optical crystal has become the disorders for frequency transformation, so The expansion, size, damage resistance, conversion efficiency and allowable parameter range of nonlinear optical crystal are required Progressively more.
Alternatively, the beam quality of the greater power DUV laser would develop into worse due to a lot more serious thermal and nonlinear effects. Therefore, the frequency conversion procedures need to be very carefully intended to mitigate the aforementioned outcomes. So, a higher-electrical power DUV laser for the FHG of one μm with a very good beam good quality may be received and will be advantageous for obtaining the shorter wavelength DUV lasers including 193 nm by SFG.
Due to thermal lens result while in the reliable-point out lasers, In the event the heating management is inadequate, It's not necessarily uncomplicated to get the solid-point out laser by using a higher power and also a substantial beam quality concurrently. Recently, with the development of the thin disk laser and solitary-crystal fiber (SCF) laser, a high-electrical power laser at the basic wavelength (one μm) were understood with a great beam good quality Despite having a TEM00 method beam [four,24], which would be excellent candidates for the elemental from the DUV laser generation. Yet another applicant for the basic is definitely the high-electrical power fiber laser which may be realized by coherent beam mix with M2 benefit under one.
On another aspect, the facility scaling on the NIR laser is another facet to improve the ordinary electrical power of your 193-nm DUV laser. Because of the insufficient the significant-ability amplification Option with the NIR laser (such as at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency processes such as optical parameter oscillation (OPO) may be placed on develop a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from 1 μm to the desired wavelength and also acquiring relative higher ability [21]. Just lately, a diamond Raman laser confirmed its capability in reaching a large ability along with a higher conversion efficiency with the 1st Stokes of your 1-μm laser [22,23], which means the likelihood to get utilized while in the 193-nm DUV laser era on account of its substantial Raman achieve and huge frequency shift.
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Cesium Lithium Borate (CsLiB6O10 or CLBO) is the most effective non-linear crystal which generates ultraviolet harmonics on the Nd:YAG basic laser wavelength. In an effort to increase the problems more info threshold, very low CLBO surface area roughness, by extremely-precision machining, is required. Because the CLBO crystal has effortless hydroscopic response and micro scratches in machining, ultra-exact machining with the CLBO crystal can be a challenging technical challenge.
The beam profile proven in Determine 7b shown a great beam high-quality as among the list of deserves of Raman laser, which would be beneficial to deliver a 193-nm DUV laser with a top quality beam.
The conversion effectiveness from basic NIR to DUV is from five% to 36% according to the claimed leads to Desk 1. Raising the conversion efficiency will lessen the burden on the design and set up of the fundamental laser amplifier together with the electric electricity use. An excellent beam top quality of the basic laser will even add into the growing in the conversion performance in addition to the right electricity depth of the NIR and green laser while in the SHG and FHG system, respectively. The best conversion efficiencies from NIR to environmentally friendly and green to DUV laser by usage of CLBO crystal are 70% and around fifty%, respectively [twelve], which corresponds to your conversion effectiveness of 35% from basic to DUV.
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